Titanium dioxide

Properties

General
Name	Titanium (IV) oxide
Chemical formula	TiO2
Appearance	White solid
Physical
Formula weight	79.9 amu
Melting point	~2103 K (1830 °C)
Boiling point	~2773 K (2500 °C)
Density	4.2 ×103 k/m3
Crystal structure	rutile
Solubility	insoluble
Thermochemistry
ΔfH0gas	-249 k/mol
ΔfH0liquid	-879 k/mol
ΔfH0solid	-944 k/mol
S0solid	51 /mol·K
Safety
Ingestion	Low hazard for accidental ingestion.
Inhalation	Irritating, dangerous in the long term.
Skin	Low hazard.
Eyes	Low hazard.
More info	Hazardous Chemical Database
SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used. Disclaimer and references

Titanium dioxide, also known as titania is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO₂.

Pure titanium dioxide does not occur in nature but is derived from ilmenite or leuxocene ores. It is also readily mined in one of the purest forms, rutile beach sand.

An important use of titanium dioxide is in powder form as a pigment for providing whiteness and opacity to such products such as paints and coatings but also plastics, paper, inks, food and cosmetics, including most toothpastes. Titanium dioxide is by far the most widely used white pigment, it is very white and has a very high refractive index — only surpassed by diamond. The high refractive index and bright white colour of titanium dioxide make it an effective opacifier for pigments. One of its other major advantages is its resistance to discoloration under UV light.