SPQR

SPQR is an acronym for the Latin phrase Senatus Populusque Romanus^*. The translation is "The Senate and Roman People".

It was emblazoned on the standards of the Roman legions. It also appears in the coat of arms of today's city of Rome.

^*: Several versions are suggested about the correct meaning of the acronym, depending on the presumed declination of 'R', which can be as well Romanus (Senatus or Populus) or Romani (Senatus and Populus) or Romae (of Rome).