ENCYCLOPEDIA 4U .com



Encyclopedia Home Page

Google
  Web Encyclopedia4u.com

 

Simple theorems in set theory

We list without proof several simple properties of these operations. These properties can be visualized with Venn diagrams.

PROPOSITION 1: For any sets A, B, and C:

  • A ∩ A = A;
A ∪ A = A;
A \\ A = {};
A ∩ B = B ∩ A;
A ∪ B = B ∪ A;
(A ∩ B) ∩ C = A ∩ (B ∩ C);
(A ∪ B) ∪ C = A ∪ (B ∪ C);
C \\ (A ∩ B) = (C \\ A) ∪ (C \\ B);
C \\ (A ∪ B) = (C \\ A) ∩ (C \\ B);
C \\ (B \\ A) = (A ∩ C) ∪ (C \\ B);
(B \\ A) ∩ C = (B ∩ C) \\ A = B ∩ (C \\ A);
(B \\ A) ∪ C = (B ∪ C) \\ (A \\ C);
A ⊆ B if and only if A ∩ B = A;
A ⊆ B if and only if A ∪ B = B;
A ⊆ B if and only if A \\ B = {};
A ∩ B = {} if and only if B \\ A = B;
A ∩ B ⊆ A ⊆ B;
A ∩ {} = {};
A ∪ {} = A;
{} \\ A = {};
A \\ {} = A.

PROPOSITION 2: For any universal set U and subsets A, B, and C of U:
  • A'' = A;
B \\ A = A' ∩ B;
(B \\ A)' = A ∪ B';
A ⊆ B if and only if B' ⊆ A';
A ∩ U = A;
A ∪ U = U;
U \\ A = A';
A \\ U = {}.

PROPOSITION 3 (distributive laws): For any sets A, B, and C:
(a) A ∩ (B ∪ C) = (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C);
(b) A ∪ (B ∩ C) = (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∪ C).

The above propositions show that the power set P(U) is a Boolean lattice.




Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities.



Copyright © 2005 Par Web Solutions All Rights reserved.
| Privacy

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Simple theorems in set theory".