Russian colonization of the Americas
After the discovery of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska in 1741 during the Russian exploration conducted by Vitus Bering and Aleksiei Chirikov, it took over forty years until the founding of the first Russian colony in Alaska in 1784 by Gregory Shelekov. The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 for the purpose of hunting sea otters for their fur.Subsequently, Russian explorers and settlers continued to establish trading posts in Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, British Columbia, Washington (state), Oregon and as far south as Fort Ross in northern California. Fort Ross, some 50 miles north of San Francisco was founded in 1812 and closed in 1841.
The peak population of the Russian colonies was about 40,000 although most of these were aborigines.
The colony was never very profitable, because of the costs of transportation. At the instigation of Secretary of State William Seward, the United States Senate approved the purchase of Alaska from Russia for $7,200,000 on April 9, 1867.
In 1818, Dr. Schaeffer, a Russian entrepreneur occupied Kauai and negotiated a treaty of protection with King Kaumualii of Hawaii but the Russian emperor refused to ratify the treaty.
Since the start of Perestroika in Russia there has been speculation in the Russian mass media that Alaska was not, in fact, sold, but was instead leased to the USA for 99 or 150 years and has to be returned to Russia.
See History of Russia and European colonization of the Americas.
