LiveCD
A LiveCD is an operating system stored on a CD-ROM that can be executed from it, without installation on a hard drive. Some LiveCDs come with an installation utility that can install the system on a hard drive.One can use a ready CD or burn an ISO image downloaded from the Internet, using a download manager.
The most popular are the GNU/Linux LiveCDs, for example:
Most LiveCDs can access the information on internal and/or external harddrives, diskettes and USB Flash memories.
Syslinux Project covers lightweight bootloaders for floppy media (Sysklinux), network booting (Pxelinux), and bootable "El Torito" CD-ROMs or LiveCD (Isolinux).