List of North American birds

The North American birds most closely resemble those of Eurasia, which was connected to this continent until geologically recent times.

Many groups occur throughout these northern hemisphere continents, although distinctive groups have also arisen, such as the wren. Several common birds in North America, such as the Rock Dove, the European Starling, and the Mute Swan are introduced species, meaning that they are not native to this continent but were brought here by man from Europe or elsewhere.

Table of contents

1 Types of North American birds 1.1 Ducks, geese and swans 1.2 Loons 1.3 Grebes 1.4 Seabirds 1.5 Large wading birds 1.6 Pelicans, Pelecanidae 1.7 Birds of prey 1.8 Grouse and relatives 1.9 Shorebirds 1.10 Gulls, terns and skimmers 1.11 Cuckoos 1.12 Pigeons 1.13 Owls 1.14 Nightjars 1.15 Swifts 1.16 Hummingbirds 1.17 Kingfishers 1.18 Woodpeckers 1.19 Songbirds (passerines)

Types of North American birds

Ducks, geese and swans

• Ruddy Duck, Oxyura jamaicensis
• Eurasian Wigeon, Anas penelope
• American Wigeon, Anas americana
• Green-winged Teal, Anas carolinensis
• Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos
• American Black Duck, Anas rubripes
• Northern Pintail, Anas acuta
• Blue-winged Teal, Anas discors
• Northern Shoveler, Anas clypeata
• Canvasback, Aythya valisineria
• Redhead, Aythya americana
• Ring-necked Duck, Aythya collaris
• Greater Scaup, Aythya marila
• Lesser Scaup, Aythya affinis
• Common Eider, Somateria mollissima
• King Eider, Somateria spectabilis
• Harlequin Duck, Histrionicus histrionicus
• Black Scoter, Melanitta nigra
• White-winged Scoter, Melanitta fusca
• Surf Scoter, Melanitta perspicillata
• Long-tailed Duck, Clangula hyemalis
• Common Goldeneye, Bucephala clangula
• Barrow's Goldeneye, Bucephala islandica
• Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola
• Hooded Merganser Lophodytes cucullatus
• Red-breasted Merganser, Mergus serrator
• Common Merganser, Mergus merganser

Loons

• Common Loon, Gavia immer .
• Yellow-billed Loon, Gavia adamsii .
• Arctic Loon, Gavia arctica .
• Red-throated Loon, Gavia stellata.
• Pacific Loon, Gavia pacifica

Grebes

• Red-necked Grebe, Podiceps grisegena
• Horned Grebe, Podiceps auritus
• Eared Grebe, Podiceps nigricollis
• Western Grebe, Aechmorphorus occidentalis
• Clark's Grebe, Aechmorphorus clarkii
• Pied-billed Grebe, Podilymbus podiceps.

Seabirds

• Northern Fulmar, (F. glacialis)

Large wading birds

• Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias
• Great Egret or Great White Egret, Ardea alba
• Green Heron or Green-backed Heron Butorides virescens
• Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis
• Little Egret Egretta garzetta
• Snowy Egret Egretta thula
• Reddish Egret Egretta rufescens
• Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor
• Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea
• Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax violaceus
• Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
• American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosa
• Wood Stork Mycteria americana
• Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis
• Whooping Crane Grus americana

Pelicans, Pelecanidae

• American White Pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
• Brown Pelican, Pelecanus occidentalis

Birds of prey

• Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura)
• Black Vulture (Coragyps atratus)
• California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus)
• American Swallow-tailed Kite (Elanoides forficatus)
• Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus caeruleus)
• Mississippi Kite (Ictinia mississippiensis)
• Snail Kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis)
• Northern Harrier (Circus cyaneus)
• Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)
• Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
• Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)
• Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter striatus)
• Cooper's Hawk (Accipiter cooperii)
• Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
• Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus)
• Broad-winged Hawk (Buteo platypterus)
• Swainson's Hawk (Buteo swainsoni)
• Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)
• Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis)
• Rough-legged Hawk (Buteo lagopus)
• Harris' Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus)
• Crested Caracara (Polyborus plancus)
• American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)
• Merlin (Falco columbarius)
• Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
• Prairie Falcon (Falco mexicanus)

Grouse and relatives

• Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus)
• Blue Grouse (Dendragapus obscurus)
• Spruce Grouse (Falcipennis canadensis)
• White-tailed Ptarmigan (Lagopus leucurus)
• Sage Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)
• Gunnison Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus minimus)
• Greater Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido)
• Sharp-tailed Grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus)
• Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)
• Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata)
• Gambel's Quail (Callipepla gambelii)
• California Quail (Callipepla californica)
• Mountain Quail (Oreortyx pictus)
• Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)
• Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)

Shorebirds

• Pacific Golden Plover, Pluvialis fulva
• American Golden Plover, Pluvialis dominica
• Grey Plover, Pluvialis squatarola
• Ringed Plover, Charadrius hiaticula
• Semipalmated Plover, Charadrius semipalmatus
• Killdeer, Charadrius vociferus
• Common Snipe, Gallinago gallinago
• Short-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus griseus
• Long-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus scolopaceus
• Hudsonian Godwit, Limosa haemastica
• Bar-tailed Godwit, Limosa lapponica
• Eskimo Curlew, Numenius borealis, very rare
• Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus
• Upland Sandpiper, Bartramia longicauda
• Greater Yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca
• Lesser Yellowlegs, Tringa flavipes
• Solitary Sandpiper, Tringa solitaria
• Spotted Sandpiper, Actitis macularia
• Grey-tailed Tattler, Heterosceles brevipes
• Ruddy Turnstone, Arenaria interpres
• Red Knot, Calidris canutus
• Sanderling, Calidris alba
• Semipalmated Sandpiper, Calidris pusilla
• Western Sandpiper, Calidris mauri
• Least Sandpiper, Calidris minutilla
• White-rumped Sandpiper, Calidris fuscicollis
• Baird's Sandpiper, Calidris bairdii
• Pectoral Sandpiper, Calidris melanotos
• Dunlin, Calidris alpina
• Stilt Sandpiper, Micropalama himantopus
• Buff-breasted Sandpiper, Tryngites subruficollis
• Ruff, Philomachus pugnax
• Wilson's Phalarope, Steganopus tricolor
• Red-necked Phalarope, Phalaropus lobatus
• Red Phalarope, Phalaropus fulicaria
• American Avocet, Recurvirostra americana
• Black-necked Stilt, Himantopus himantopus

Gulls, terns and skimmers

• Parasitic Jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus
• Pomarine Jaeger, Stercorarius pomarinus
• Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus
• Great Skua Stercorarius skua
• Mew Gull, Larus canus
• Ring-billed Gull, Larus delawarensis
• Great Black-backed Gull, Larus marinus
• Glaucous Gull, Larus hyperboreus
• Iceland Gull, Larus glaucoides
• Herring Gull, Larus argentatus
• Lesser Black-backed Gull, Larus fuscus
• Black-headed Gull, Larus ridibundus
• Bonaparte's Gull, Larus philadelphia
• Laughing Gull, Larus atricilla
• Franklin's Gull, Larus pipixcan
• Little Gull, Larus minutus
• Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla
• Ivory Gull, Pagophila eburnea
• Ross's Gull, Rhodostethia rosea
• Sabine's Gull, Xema sabini
• Gull-billed Tern, Gelochelidon nilotica
• Least Tern Sterna antillarum
• Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea
• Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii
• Common Tern Sterna hirundo
• Caspian Tern, Sterna caspia
• Elegant Tern, Sterna elegans
• Sandwich Tern, Sterna sandvicensis
• Royal Tern, Sterna maximus
• Forster's Tern, Sterna forsteri
• Black Tern, Childonias niger

Cuckoos

• Greater Roadrunner (Geococcyx californianus)
• Black-billed Cuckoo (Coccyzus erythropthalmus)
• Yellow-billed Cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus)

Pigeons

• Rock Dove (Columba livia)
• Band-tailed Pigeon (Columba fasciata)
• White-winged Dove (Zenaida asiatica)
• Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)
• Inca Dove (Columbina inca)
• Common Ground-Dove (Columbina passerina)

Owls

• Barn Owl (Tyto alba)
• Flammulated Owl (Otus flammeolus)
• Eastern Screech-Owl (Otus asio)
• Western Screech-Owl (Otus kennicottii)
• Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)
• Snowy Owl (Nyctea scandiaca)
• Northern Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium gnoma)
• Elf Owl (Micrathene whitneyi)
• Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia)
• Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis)
• Barred Owl (Strix varia)
• Great Gray Owl (Strix nebulosa)
• Long-eared Owl (Asio otus)
• Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus)
• Northern Saw-whet Owl (Aegolius acadicus)
• Northern Hawk Owl, Surnia ulula

Nightjars

• Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor)
• Lesser Nighthawk (Chordeiles acutipennis)
• Chuck-will's-widow (Caprimulgus carolinensis)
• Whip-poor-will (Caprimulgus vociferus)
• Common Poorwill (Phalaenoptilus nuttallii)

Swifts

• Black Swift (Cypseloides niger)
• Chimney Swift (Chaetura pelagica)
• White-throated Swift (Aeronautes saxatalis)

Hummingbirds

• Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Archilochus colubris)
• Black-chinned Hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri)
• Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna)
• Costa's Hummingbird (Calypte costae)
• Allen's Hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin)

Kingfishers

• Belted Kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon)
• Green Kingfisher (Chloroceryle americana)

Woodpeckers

• Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus)
• Acorn Woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus)
• Gila Woodpecker (Melanerpes uropygialis)
• Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus)
• Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius)
• Red-naped Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus nuchalis)
• Red-breasted Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus ruber)
• Downy Woodpecker (Picoides pubescens)
• Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus)
• Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus)
• Black-backed Woodpecker (Picoides arcticus)
• Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus)

Songbirds (passerines)

• Black Phoebe (Sayornis nigricans)
• Eastern Phoebe (Sayornis phoebe)
• Say's Phoebe (Sayornis saya)
• Vermilion Flycatcher (Pyrocephalus rubinus)
• Ash-throated Flycatcher (Myiarchus cinerascens)
• Cassin's Kingbird (Tyrannus vociferans)
• Western Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis)
• Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus)
• Gray Kingbird (Tyrannus dominicensis)
• Scissor-tailed Flycatcher (Tyrannus forficatus)
• Horned Lark (Eremophilia alpestris)
• Purple Martin (Progne subis)
• Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor)
• Violet-green Swallow (Tachycineta thalassina)
• Northern Rough-winged Swallow (Stelgidopteryx serripennis)
• Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia)
• Cliff Swallow (Hirundo pyrrhonota)
• Barn Swallow (''Hirundo rustica'\')
• Gray Jay (Perisoreus canadensis)
• Steller's Jay (Cyanocitta stelleri)
• Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata)
• Green Jay (Cyanocorax yncas)
• Pinyon Jay (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus)
• Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes)
• Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus)
• Rock Wren (Salpinctes obsoletus)
• Canyon Wren (Catherpes mexicanus)
• Sedge Wren (Cistothorus platensis)
• Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris)
• Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis)
• Western Bluebird (Sialia mexicana)
• Mountain Bluebird (Sialia currucoides)
• American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
• Arctic Warbler (Phylloscopus borealis)
• Dusky Warbler (Phylloscopus fuscatus)
• Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)
• Sage Thrasher (Oreoscoptes montanus)
• Bendire's Thrasher (Toxostoma bendirei)
• Curve-billed Thrasher (Toxostoma curvirostre)
• California Thrasher (Toxostoma redivivum)
• American Pipit (Anthus rubescens)
• Sprague's Pipit (Anthus spragueii)
• Phainopepla (Phainopepla nitens)
• Northern Shrike (Lanius excubitor)
• Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)
• European Starling (Sturmus vulgaris)
• Lucy's Warbler (Vermivora luciae)
• Prairie Warbler (Dendroica discolor)
• Palm Warbler (Dendroica palmarum)
• Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas)
• Yellow-breasted Chat (Icteria virens)
• Pyrrhuloxia (Cardinalis sinuatus)
• Blue Grosbeak (Guiraca caerulea)
• Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea)
• Lazuli Bunting (Passerina amoena)
• Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris)
• Dickcissel (Spiza americana)
• Green-tailed Towhee (Pipilo chlorurus)
• Canyon Towhee (Pipilo fuscus)
• California Towhee (Pipilo crissalis)
• Eastern Towhee, (Pipilo erythrophthalmus)
• Spotted Towhee, (Pipilo maculatus)
• Cassin's Sparrow (Aimophila cassinii)
• Rufous-crowned Sparrow (Aimophila ruficeps)
• American Tree Sparrow (Spizella arborea)
• Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina)
• Clay-colored Sparrow (Spizella pallida)
• Brewer's Sparrow (Spizella breweri)
• Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla)
• Black-chinned Sparrow (Spizella atrogularis)
• Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus)
• Lark Sparrow (Chondestes grammacus)
• Black-throated Sparrow (Amphispiza bilineata)
• Sage Sparrow (Amphispiza belli)
• Lark Bunting (Calamospiza melanocorys)
• Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis)
• Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum)
• Sharp-tailed Sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus)
• Seaside Sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus)
• Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)
• Lincoln's Sparrow (Melospiza lincolnii)
• Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza georgiana)
• Golden-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia atricapilla)
• White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys)
• White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis)
• Harris' Sparrow (Zonotrichia querula)
• McCown's Longspur (Calcarius mccownii)
• Lapland Longspur (Calcarius lapponicus)
• Chestnut-collared Longspur (Calcarius ornatus)
• Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis)
• Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus)
• Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna)
• Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)
• Scott's Oriole (Icterus parisorum)
• Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)
• Tricolored Blackbird (Agelaius tricolor)
• Yellow-headed Blackbird (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus)
• Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus catolinus)
• Brewer's Blackbird (Euphagus cyanocephalus)
• Great-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus)
• Boat-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus major)
• Common Grackle (Quiscalus quiscula)
• Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater)
• Rosy Finch (Leucosticte arctoa)
• House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus)
• Common Redpoll (Carduelis flammea)
• Arctic Redpoll (Carduelis hornemanni)
• Lesser Goldfinch (Carduelis psaltria)
• Lawrence's Goldfinch (Carduelis lawrencei)
• American Goldfinch (Carduelis tristis)
• House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)
• Clark's Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana)
• Black-billed Magpie (Pica pica)
• Yellow-billed Magpie (Pica nuttalli)
• American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos)
• Northwestern Crow (Corvus caurinus)
• Fish Crow (Corvus ossifragus)
• Common Raven (Corvus corax)
• Chihuahuan Raven (Corvus cryptoleucus)

For local birding, see also

• List of birds of Santa Cruz County, California

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